Site Map Legal Disclaimer Contact Us
 
 
 
 


1. Capuzzi DM, Guyton JR, Morgan JM, et al. Efficacy and safety of an extended-release niacin (Niaspan): a long-term study. Am J Cardiol. 1998; 82(12A):74U-81U.

2. Carlson LA, Rosenhamer G. Reduction of mortality in the Stockholm ischemic Heart Disease Secondary Prevention Study by combined treatment with clofibrate and nicotinic acid. Acta Med Scand. 1988; 223:405-418.

3. Canner PL, Berge KG, Wenger NK, et al. Fifteen year mortality in Coronary Drug Project patients: long-term benefit with niacin. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1986; 8:1245-1255.

4. Cervantes-Laurean D, McElvaney NG, Moss J. Niacin. In: Shils ME, Olson JA, Shike M, Ross AC, eds. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease. 9th ed. Baltimore, MD: Williams and Wilkins; 1999:401-411.

5. Chojnowska-Jezierska J, Adamska-Dyniewska H. [Prolonged treatment with slow release nicotinic acid in patients with type II hyperlipidemia]. [Article in Polish]. Pol Arch Med Wewn. 1997; 98:391-399.

6. Colletti RB, Neufeld EJ, Roff NK, et al. Niacin treatment of hypercholesterolemia in children. Pediatrics. 1993; 92:78-82.

7. Dietary Reference Intakes for Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline. Washington, DC: National Academy Press; 1998.

8. Elam MB, Hunninghake DB, Davis KB, et al. Effect of niacin on lipid and lipoprotein levels and glycemic control in patients with diabetes and peripheral arterial disease: The ADMIT Study: A randomized trial. JAMA. 2000; 284:1263-1270.

9. Goldberg A, Alagona P Jr, Capuzzi DM, et al. Multiple-dose efficacy and safety of an extended-release form of niacin in the management of hyperlipidemia. Am J Cardiol. 2000; 85:1100-1105.

10. Gray DR, Morgan T, Chretian SD, Kashyap ML. Efficacy and safety of controlled-release niacin in dyslipoproteinemic veterans. Ann Intern Med. 1994; 121:252-258.

11. Guyton JR. Effect of niacin on atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Am J Cardiol. 1998; 82:18U-23U.

12. Guyton JR, Blazing MA, Hagar J, et al. Extended-release niacin vs gemfibrozil for the treatment of low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Niaspan-Gemfibrozil Study Group. Arch Int Med. 2000; 160:1177-1184.

13. Henkin Y, Oberman A, Hurst DC. Niacin revisited: clinical observations on an important but underutilized drug. Am J Med. 1991; 91:239-246.

14. Illingworth DR, Stein EA, Mitchel YB, et al. Comparative effects of lovastatin and niacin in primary hypercholesterolemia. Arch Intern Med. 1994; 154:1586-1595.

15. Johansson JO, Egberg N, Asplund-Carlson A, Carlson LA. Nicotinic acid treatment shifts the fibrinolytic balance favorably and decreases plasma fibrinogen in hypertriglyceridaemic men. J Cardiovasc Risk. 1997; 4:165-171.

16. Lin S-J, Defossez P-A, Guarente L. Requirement of NAD and SIR2 for life-span extension by calorie restriction in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Science. 2000; 289:2126-2128.

17. King JM, Crouse JR, Terry JG, et al. Evaluation of effects of unmodified niacin on fasting and postprandial plasma lipids in normolipidemic men with hypoalphalipoproteinemia. Am J Med. 1994; 97:323-331.

18. McKenney JM, Proctor JD, Harris S, Chinchili VM. A comparison of the efficacy and toxic effects of sustained-vs immediate-release niacin in hypercholesterolemic patients. JAMA. 1994; 271:672-677.

19. Rader JI, Calvert RJ, Hathcock JN. Hepatic toxicity of unmodified and time-release preparations of niacin. Am J Med. 1992; 92:77-81.

20. Saareks V, Mucha I, Sievi E, Riutta A. Nicotinic acid and pyridoxine modulate arachidonic acid metabolism in vitro and ex vivo in man. Pharmacol Toxicol. 1999; 84:274-280.

21. Tato F, Vega GL, Grundy SM. Effects of crystalline nicotinic acid-induced hepatic dysfunction on serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and lecithin cholesteryl acyl transferase. Am J Cardiology. 1998; 81:805-807.

22. Trueblood NA, Ramasamy R, Wang LF, Schaefer S. Niacin protects the isolated heart from ischemia-reperfusion injury. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2000; 279:H764-H771.

23. Tsalamandris C, Panagiotopoulos S, Sinha A, et al. Complementary effects of pravastatin and nicotinic acid in the treatment of combined hyperlipidaemia in diabetic and non-diabetic patients. J Cardiovasc Risk. 1994; 1:231-239.

24. Vispé S, Yung TMC, Ritchot J, et al. A cellular defense pathway regulating transcription through poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation in response to DNA damage. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2000; 97:9886-9891.

25. Wang W, Basinger A, Neese RA, et al. Effects of nicotinic acid on fatty acid kinetics, fuel selection, and pathways of glucose production in women. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2000; 279:E50-E59.

26. Ziegler M. New Functions of a long-known molecule. Emerging roles of NAD in cellular signaling. Eur J Biochem. 2000; 267:1550-1564.

27. Adler LA, Rotrosen J, Edson R, et al. Vitamin E treatment for tardive dyskinesia. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1999; 56:836-841.

28. Anderson DK, Waters TR, Means ED. Pretreatment with alpha-tocopherol enhances neurologic recovery after experimental spinal cord compression injury. J Neurotrauma. 1998; 5:61-67.

29. Baumann LS, Spencer J. The effects of topical vitamin E on the cosmetic appearance of scars. Dermatol Surg. 1999; 25:311-315.

30. Bozbuga M, Izgi N, Canbolat A. The effects of chronic alpha-tocopherol administration on lipid peroxidation in an experimental model of acute spinal cord injury. Neurosurg Rev. 1998; 21:36-42.

31. Brigelius-Flohe R, Traber MG. Vitamin E: function and metabolism. FASEB J. 1999; 13:1145-1155.

32. Bursell S-E, King GL. Can protein kinase C inhibition and vitamin E prevent the development of diabetic vascular complications? Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 1999; 45:169-182.

33. Burton GW, Traber MG, Acuff RV, et al. Human plasma and tissue alpha-tocopherol concentrations in response to supplementation with deuterated natural and synthetic vitamin E. Am J Clin Nutr. 1998; 67:669-684.

34. Delcourt C, Cristol J-P, Tessier F, et al. Age-related macular degeneration and antioxidant status in the POLA study. Arch Opthalmol. 1999; 117:1384-1390.

35. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Selenium and Carotenoids. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press; 2000.

36. Dowd P, Zheng ZB. On the mechanism of the anticlotting action of vitamin E quinone. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1995; 92:8171-8175.

37. GISSI-Prevenzione Investigators. Dietary supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin E after myocardial infarction: results of the GISSI-Prevenzioni trial. Lancet. 1999; 354:447-455.

38. Gogu SR, Lertora JJL, George WJ, et al. Protection of zidovudine-induced toxicity against murine erythroid progenitor cells by vitamin E. Exp Hematol. 1999; 19:649-652.

39. Grundman M. Vitamin E and Alzheimer's disease: the basis for additional clinical trials. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000; 71:630S-636S.

40. Heinonen OP, Albanes D, Virtamo J, et al. Prostate cancer and supplementation with alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene: incidence and mortality in a controlled trial. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1998; 90:440-446.

41. Hendler SS, Sanchez R. Tocopherol-based antiviral agents and method of using same. United States Patent Number 5, 114, 957. 1992.

42. Kayden HJ, Traber M. Absorption, lipoprotein transport and regulation of plasma concentrations of vitamin E in humans. J Lipid Res. 1993; 34:343-358.

43. Knekt P, Reunanen A, Marniemi J, et al. Low vitamin E status is a potential risk factor for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. J Intern Med. 1999; 245:99-102.

44. Lee I-K, Koya D, Ishi H, et al. Alpha-tocopherol prevents the hyperglycemia induced activation of diacylglycerol (DAG)-protein kinase C (PKC) pathway in vascular smooth muscle cell by an increase of DAG kinase activity. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 1999; 45:189-190.

45. Meydani SN, Meydani M, Blumberg JB, et al. Vitamin E supplementation and in vivo immune response in healthy elderly subjects. JAMA. 1997; 277:1380-1386.

46. Paolisso G, Gambardella A, Giugliano D, et al. Chronic intake of pharmacological doses of vitamin E might be useful in the therapy of elderly patients with coronary heart disease. Am J Clin Nutr. 1995; 61:848-852.

47. Pryor WA. Vitamin E and heart disease: basic science to clinical intervention trials. Free Rad Biol Med. 2000; 28:141-164.

48. Rapola JM, Virtamo J, Ripatti S, et al. Effects of alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene supplements on symptoms, progression, and prognosis of angina pectoris. Heart. 1998; 79:454-458.

49. Rimm EB, Stampfer MJ, Ascherio A, et al. Vitamin E consumption and the risk of coronary heart disease in men. N Engl J Med. 1993; 328:1450-1456.

50. Sano M, Ernesto C, Thomas RG, et al. A controlled trial of selegiline, alpha-tocopherol, or both as treatment for Alzheimer's disease. N Engl J Med. 1997; 336:1216-1222.

51. Shoulson I. DATATOP: a decade of neuroprotective inquiry. Parkinson Study Group. Deprenyl and tocopherol antioxidative therapy of Parkinsonism. Ann Neurol. 1998; 44(3 Suppl 1): S160-S166.

52. Stahl W, Heinrich U, Jungmann H, et al. Carotenoids and carotenoids plus vitamin E protect against ultraviolet light-induced erythrema in humans. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000; 71:795-798.

53. Stampfer MJ, Hennekens CH, Manson JE, et al. Vitamin E consumption and the risk of coronary disease in women. N Engl J Med. 1993; 328:1444-1449.

54. Steinberg D, Parthsarathy S, Carew TE, et al. Beyond cholesterol: modifications of low-density lipoprotein that increases its atherogenicity. N Engl J Med. 1989; 320:915-924.

55. Steiner M. Vitamin E, a modifier of platelet function: rationale and use in cardiovascular disease. Nutr Rev. 1999; 57:306-309.

56. Stephens NG, Parsons A, Schofield PM, et al. Randomized controlled trial of vitamin E in patients with coronary disease: Cambridge Heart Antioxidant Study (CHAOS). Lancet. 1996; 347:781-786.

57. Stone WL, Pappas AM. Tocopherols and the etiology of colon cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1997; 89:1006-1014.

58. Takanami Y, Iwane H, Kawai Y, Shimomitsu T. Vitamin E supplementation and endurance exercise: are there benefits? Sports Med. 2000; 29:73-83.

59. The Alpha-Tocopherol Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study Group. The effect of vitamin E and beta-carotene on the incidence of lung cancer and other cancers in male smokers. N Engl J Med. 1994; 330:1029-1035.

60. The Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation Study Investigators. Vitamin E supplementation and cardiovascular events in high-risk patients. N Engl J Med. 2000; 342:154-160.

61. Traber MG, Arai H. Molecular mechanisms of vitamin E transport. Annu Rev Nutr. 1999; 19:343-355.

62. Traber MG. Vitamin E. In: Shils ME, Olson JA, Shike M, Ross AC, eds. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease. 9th ed. Baltimore, MD: Williams and Wilkins; 1999: 347-362.

63. Trevithick JR, Xiong H, Lee S, et al. Topical tocopheryl acetate reduces post-UVB, sunburn-associated erythema, edema, and skin sensitivity in hairless mice. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1992; 296:575-582.

64. Vatassery GT, Bauer T, Dysken M. High doses of vitamin E in the treatment of the central nervous system in the aged. Amer J Clin Nutr. 1999; 70:793-801.

65. Wadleigh RG, Redman RS, Graham ML, et al. Vitamin E in the treatment of chemotherapy-induced mucositis. Ann J Med. 1992; 92:481-484.

66. Woodson K, Tangrea JA, Barrett MJ, et al. Serum alpha-tocopherol and subsequent risk of lung cancer among male smokers. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1999:91; 1738-1743.

67. Wu D, Meydani M, Beharka AA, et al. In vitro supplementation with different tocopherol homologues can affect the function of immune cells in old mice. Free Rad Biol Med. 2000; 28:643-651.

68. Yokota T, Uchihara T, Shiojiri T, et al. Postmortem study of ataxia with retinitis pigmentosa by mutation of the alpha-tocopherol transfer protein gene. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2000; 68:521-525.

69. Bensky D, Gamble A, Kaptchuk T. Chinese Herbal Medicine Materia Medica. Revised Edition, Seattle: Eastland Press, 1992.

70. Zheng J, Luo Y, Meng X, et al. Effects of Sichuan herba Epimedii on the concentration of plasma middle molecular substances and sulfhydryl group of "yang-deficiency" model animal. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 1995;20:238-9, 254 [in Chinese].

71. Liu HD, Lin FS, Li E, et al. The influence of the different components of nourishing kidney herbs on osteoporosis rats. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2003;28:262-5 [in Chinese].

72. Yap SP, Shen P, Butler MS, et al. New estrogenic prenylflavone from Epimedium brevicornum inhibits the growth of breast cancer cells. Planta Med 2005;71:114-9.

73. Liao HJ, Chen XM, Li WG. Effect of Epimedium sagittatum on quality of life and cellular immunity in patients of hemodialysis maintenance. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi 1995;15:202-4 [in Chinese].

74. Meng FH, Li YB, Xiong ZL, et al. Osteoblastic proliferative activity of Epimedium brevicornum Maxim. Phytomedicine 2005;12:189-93.

75. Chen KM, Ge BF, Ma HP, Zheng RL. The serum of rats administered flavonoid extract from Epimedium sagittatum but not the extract itself enhances the development of rat calvarial osteoblast-like cells in vitro. Pharmazie 2004;59:61-4.

76. Liang HR, Vuorela P, Vuorela H, Hiltunen R. Isolation and immunomodulatory effect of flavonol glycosides from Epimedium hunanense. Planta Med 1997;63:316-9.

77. Chen X, Zhou M, Wang J. Effect of Epimedium sagittatum on soluble IL-2 receptor and IL-6 levels in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 1995;34:102-4 [in Chinese].

78. Lee MK, Choi YJ, Sung SH, et al. Antihepatotoxic activity of icariin, a major constituent of Epimedium koreanum. Planta Med 1995;61:523-6.

79. Wang S, Zheng Z, Weng Y, et al. Angiogenesis and anti-angiogenesis activity of Chinese medicinal herbal extracts. Life Sci 2004;74:2467-78.

80. Lin CC, Ng LT, Hsu FF, et al. Cytotoxic effects of Coptis chinensis and Epimedium sagittatum extracts and their major constituents (berberine, coptisine and icariin) on hepatoma and leukaemia cell growth. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2004;31:65-9.

81. Zhao Y, Cui Z, Zhang L. Effects of icariin on the differentiation of HL-60 cells. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 1997;19:53-5 [in Chinese].

82. Chiba K, Yamazaki M, Umegaki E, et al. Neuritogenesis of herbal (+)- and (-)-syringaresinols separated by chiral HPLC in PC12h and Neuro2a cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2002;25:791-3.Wei RB, Huo HR, Li XQ, et al. Study on antiinflammatory effect of a compound TCM agent containing ant extractive in animal models. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2002;27:215-8.

83. Yu YJ. Effect of tian-huang-ling granule in the treatment of allergic rhinitis. Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi 1989;9:720-1, 708 [in Chinese].

84. Zheng MS. An experimental study of the anti-HSV-II action of 500 herbal drugs. J Tradit Chin Med 1989;9:113-6.

85. Chen JK, Chen TT. Chinese Medical Herbology and Pharmacology. City of Industry, CA: Art of Medicine Press, Inc., 2003.

86. Tan X, Weng W. Efficacy of epimedium compound pills in the treatment of the aged patients with kidney deficiency syndrome of ischemic cardio-cerebral vascular diseases. Hunan Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 1998;23:450-2 [in Chinese].

87. Chen JK, Chen TT. Chinese Medical Herbology and Pharmacology. City of Industry, CA: Art of Medicine Press, Inc., 2003.

88. Chen JK, Chen TT. Chinese Medical Herbology and Pharmacology. City of Industry, CA: Art of Medicine Press, Inc., 2003.

89. Chen MD, Kuang AK, Chen JL. Influence of yang-restoring herb medicines upon metabolism of thyroid hormone in normal rats and a drug administration schedule. Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi 1989;9:93-5, 70 [in Chinese].